What Are Probiotics?
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Probiotics are live bacteria and yeasts
that are good for you, especially your digestive system. We usually think of these as
germs that cause diseases. But your body is full of bacteria, both good and
bad. Probiotics are often called "good" or "helpful"
bacteria because they help keep your gut healthy.
You can find probiotics in supplements and some foods, like yogurt.
Doctors often suggest them to help with digestive problems.
How Do They Work?
Researchers are trying to figure out exactly how probiotics work. Some
of the ways they may keep you healthy:
- When you lose "good" bacteria in your body, for example
after you take antibiotics, probiotics can help replace them.
- They can help balance your "good" and "bad"
bacteria to keep your body working the way it should.
Types of Probiotics
Many types of bacteria are classified as probiotics. They all have
different benefits, but most come from two groups. Ask your doctor about which
might best help you.
Lactobacillus. This may be the most common probiotic. It's the
one you'll find in yogurt and other fermented foods. Different strains can help
with diarrhea and may help people who can't
digest lactose, the sugar in milk.
Bifidobacterium. You can find it in some dairy
products. It may help ease the symptoms of irritable
bowel syndrome (IBS) and some other conditions.
Saccharomyces boulardii is a yeast found in probiotics. It appears to help fight diarrhea and
other digestive problems.
What Do They Do?
Among other things, probiotics help send food through your gut by
affecting nerves that control gut movement. Researchers are still trying to
figure out which are best for certain health problems. Some common conditions
they treat are:
- Irritable bowel syndrome
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
- Infectious diarrhea (caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites)
- Diarrhea caused by antibiotics
There is also some research that shows they're useful for problems in
other parts of your body. For example, some people say they have helped with:
- Skin conditions, like eczema
- Urinary and vaginal health
- Preventing allergies and colds
- Oral health
Input from webmd